A circle of intellectuals – associates of German poet Stefan George (1868-1933) – played a significant role in the evolution of ideas at the turn and in the first third of the 20th century. The impact of George's circle extends far beyond the bounds of poetry and literature to history, pedagogy, philosophy, and economics. George's specific interpretation of politics influenced an entire generation of Germans on the eve of the Nazi catastrophe. The Circle was largely built on Plato's Academy, and Stefan George was considered 'the new Plato'. Members of George's circle authored a number of books, articles, and translations that were designed to compete with the academic view on Plato. This monograph, based on published and archival materials, examines the ways George's circle influenced conventional academic studies of Plato's philosophy.